Concept of Management

 

Management is a necessary part of everybody, It may be the personal life or the

organization. It helps you to achieve your targets in life. It is the tool behind every

successful organization. It is a set of principles that help in the functioning of

planning, organizing, directing,g and controlling, and the application of these principles to

achieve organizational goals.

The term Management is used in different ways. Since it is a new subject and applied in

almost every subject. Its concept and principles are very popular in subjects like

economics, sociology, statistics, etc. Every organization uses it according to its

requirements.

Good Management leads to success and satisfaction. Librarians are the managers who utilize

the principles of management and improve the efficiency of library services.

Definitions 

According to Glueck, "Management is the effective utilization of human and material

resources to achieve the enterprise's objectives.

Mary Follett defined Management as "The art of getting things done through people".

According to G. Edward Evans, "Management means to control and direct the operation of

an organization or sub-division of a larger unit."

According to Frederick W. Taylor, "Management is the art of knowing what you want to do

in the best and cheapest way"!

Management used in three different ways

Management as a Discipline

A discipline generally refers to the subject and its concept. Management as a subject

includes concepts and principles, which help organizations in managing. Management is

itself treated as a science subject since it is applied to manage an organization or

anything.

Management as a group of people

The group denotes the staff of an organization. Group means lots of staff who work and

performs the managerial function in an organization. There are two groups of people in

organization. One group acts as manager and the other group is staffed and work in

an organization.

Management as a Process

The process means the scientific and systematic method of handling activities. This

process is shown with a diagram at different stages to achieve success. The goal is

analyzed and a tailor-made method is constructed for the achievement of the objective.

The process or method includes all the steps and activities involved. It is the process of

getting things done by workers.

The manager makes policies and implements them. It requires oral and written

communication with the workers. Managers communicate with staff and tell them the

process, how it will be done. So success is achieved by effective communication.

It also applies to get solutions to the problems faced during work. Management by the

system means identifying problems and getting the required action to solve them.

It evaluates the progress from time to time. This evaluation brings the results achieved by

implementing that process. So these results determine the value of management.

Management wants all its staff of the organization, to participate in all the work that it

commands. It also gives equal opportunities in the decision-making process. Its

participation among workers creates trust in them.

Its main motive should be to inspire and motivate its workers so that they can do work

efficiently. It should encourage and put rewards so that the enthusiasm level of workers

gets increased. This will help them to achieve targets.

Characteristics of Management

It is a systematic process where planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling

are used by the manager.

It comes with the solution at the time of conflict and problems.

It helps in achieving the targets and goals of the organization.

It helps in organizing the work.

It integrates the human and other resources together.

It is a group process and not done in isolation.

It is a process where policy is formulated and implemented.

It is a skill and applied for getting work done effectively.

It is necessary for the running of the organization smoothly.

It motivates and inspires workers.

Its concept and principles are used in the whole world's organization.

Management vs. Administration

Some thinkers have suggested that Management and administration are two different

subjects. But some thinkers have come to the conclusion that there is no difference

between Management and Administration. So every thinker has its own thoughts related

to this topic. These are the following three approaches:

Administration is above management

One of the classical thinkers like Oliver Sheldon, whose opinion is that the administration

basically relates to policy formulation. On the other hand, Management relates to the

implementation of that policy. So both these activities are different.

Administration is a part of Management

There is another thinker like Brech, whose opinion is that management is itself a subject

which deals comprehensively and administration is part of it. He thinks that

Administration is a section or subordinate of management. So Administration is not a

different independent subject rather than part of management. But this thought is different

from the Classical thinkers.

Management and administration are the same

This is the third approach, where people think that management and administration are

the same. It is a popular belief that both have the same functions and principles. Henry

Fayol, a thinker of management and administration, had the opinion that both are the

same.

Thus clearly said that there is no difference between management and administration. But

It differs from organization to organization and from country to country.